EVALUATION OF THE SYNERGISTIC PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN C, N-ACETYLCYSTEINE, AND SODIUM FERULATE ON INFLAMMATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS, AND NEPHROTOXICITY IN 5-FLUOROURACIL-TREATED RATS

Eldib, Ali M.; Mufti, Rania E.; Babikir, Ibrahim H.; El-Gerbed, Mohamed S.; Khalifa, Heba S.; El-Anwar, Noha; Abdelatif, Haytham M.

doi:10.21608/ejz.2025.375371.1130

Home Articles List Article Information

|
|
|
How to cite
RIS EndNote BibTeX APA MLA Harvard Vancouver
|
Share

Articles in Press

Current Issue

Journal Archive

Volume 83 (2025)

Volume 82 (2024)

Volume 81 (2024)

Volume 80 (2023)

Volume 79 (2023)

Volume 78 (2022)

Volume 77 (2022)

Volume 76 (2021)

Volume 75 (2021)

Volume 74 (2020)

Volume 73 (2020)

Volume 72 (2019)

Volume 71 (2019)

Volume 70 (2018)

Volume 69 (2018)

Volume 68 (2017)

Volume 67 (2017)

Volume 66 (2016)

Volume 65 (2016)

Volume 64 (2015)

Volume 63 (2015)

Volume 62 (2014)

Volume 61 (2014)

Volume 60 (2013)

Volume 59 (2013)

	EVALUATION OF THE SYNERGISTIC PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN C, N-ACETYLCYSTEINE, AND SODIUM FERULATE ON INFLAMMATION, OXIDATIVE STRESS, AND NEPHROTOXICITY IN 5-FLUOROURACIL-TREATED RATS
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 18 May 2025 PDF (1.15 MB)
Document Type: Original Research Papers
DOI: 10.21608/ejz.2025.375371.1130
View on SCiNiTO
Authors
Ali M. Eldib ¹; Rania E. Mufti²; Ibrahim H. Babikir²; Mohamed S. El-Gerbed¹; Heba S. Khalifa¹; Noha El-Anwar²^{, 3}; Haytham M. Abdelatif²^{, 4}
¹Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
²Basic Science Department, Al Rayan National College of Medicine, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
³Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Gharbia, Egypt
⁴Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
Abstract
The current research aimed to assess the protective effects of a mixture of natural products (N.P.), containing vitamin C, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and sodium ferulate, against 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced inflammation, nephrotoxicity, and oxidative stress in rats. Forty male rats were divided into four groups: a control group (G1), a N.P. mix-treated group given daily/orally (G2), a 5-FU-treated group administered intraperitoneal injections of 15 mg/kg body weight for 4 consecutive days, 6 mg/kg body weight for 4 alternative days, and 15 mg/kg body weight on day 14 (G3), and a group treated with 5-FU+N.P. mix (G4). The 5-FU treatment induced severe changes in immunity and biochemical parameters like elevated serum creatinine and urea levels, and disturbed electrolyte balance (P<0.05). Oxidative stress in the kidneys was also extremely high, as reflected by enhanced malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, and suppressed the antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GSH). The proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, INF-γ) and complements were also significantly upregulated, while anti-inflammatory (IL-10, TGF-β) and T-cell functional cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-12) were significantly suppressed. Moreover, the histological examination showed massive renal tubular necrosis and glomerular atrophy. The immunohistochemistry also revealed overexpression of proapoptotic markers; while flow cytometry determined increased apoptosis and depletion of CD3⁺CD4⁺T-helper lymphocytes. In contrast, co-treatment with 5-FU+N.P. mix substantially alleviated these pathological changes. It normalized biochemical parameters, reduced oxidative stress, improved antioxidant status, suppressed proinflammatory cytokines, and preserved renal histoarchitecture and T-cell numbers (P<0.05). These findings may validate the efficacy of the used N.P. mix as a nephroprotective, immune-modulating adjuvant in chemotherapy.
Keywords
5-Fluorouracil; Immunomodulation; Natural products; Oxidative stress; Renal apoptosis
Main Subjects
Animal Immunology and Pathology


Statistics Article View: 118 PDF Download: 67